Final Report Printed: 02/06/02
(This report supersedes all previous reports for this accession)
California Animal Health & Food Safety ACCESSION#:S0200901
Laboratory System (CAHFS) - San Bernardino District: 6
P.O. Box 5579 County: RIVERSIDE
San Bernardino, CA 92412 Case Coordinator: JMOORE
(909) 383-4287
Submitter Owner:
JOANNE THACHER DVM JOYCE LAZZARO
1706 RAINBOW VALLEY BLVD SAANENDOAH DAIRY GOATS
32850 BOOTLEGG RD
FALLBROOK, CA 92028
(760) 723-7747 WINCHESTER, CA 92596
Agent or Collector: Species: CAPRINE
Reference Number: SHAQALLE Herd/Flock ID:
Date Taken:
Date Received: 01/22/02
1 Specimens submitted: LIVE GOAT
L A B O R A T O R Y F I N D I N G S / D I A G N O S I S
1. Enterocolitis, severe, acute, necrotizing, neutrophilic/hemorrhagic,
with multifocal thrombosis and neutrophilic vasculitis, etiology possibly
infarctive and/or bacterial thromboembolism.
2. Lobar pneumonia severe, necrotizing, fibrinpurulent, acute to subacute,
with multifocal thrombosis, etiology Arcanobacterium pyogenes.
3. Myocardial fibrosis, multifocal, moderate, chronic, etiology presumptive
infarction.
4. Malignant neoplasm, left shoulder, possible rhabdomyosarcoma or
extraskeletal giant-cell tumor.
5. Copper deficiency.
A C C E S S I O N S U M M A R Y
01-23-02:
In addition to the cutaneous nodular mass on the left shoulder (granulation
tissue or neoplasm?) the left caudal lung lobe contain a poorly
circumscribed area of firm, mottled red/tan parenchyma that could be
inflammatory or neoplastic in nature. Fibrinous peritonitis may have
occurred secondary to enteric disease. The spiral colon in particular
appeared hemorrhagic and possibly inflamed and/or necrotic.
The results of bacteriologic, histopathologic and toxicologic examinations
are pending.
02-06-02:
Histopathologic examination revealed a variety of pathologic changes that
may or may not have been related. Severe, multifocal, necrotizing
enterocolitis was accompanied by multifocal thrombosis and vasculitis of
mucosal, submucosal and to lesser extent serosal blood vessels. The
infarctive nature of the enteric lesions suggests that thromboembolism
(septic?) or disseminated intravascular coagulation may have been the
primary cause of the enterocolitis. Thrombosis with or without associated
vasculitis was also observed in the abomasum and the lung. Within the
latter there was accompanying necrotizing lobar pneumonia of the left caudal
lobe. Arcanobacterium pyogenes (formerly Actinomyces pyogenes) was isolated
in large numbers from the lung. This bacterium is associated with a variety
of disease entities including pulmonary abscessation, valvular endocarditis,
mastitis and metritis. In this case it is possible that systemic septic
thromboembolism resulted from erosion of a pulmonary blood vessel or primary
valvular endocarditis (although the latter was not noticed at necropsy).
Alternatively the primary source of the bacteria may have been the infected,
ulcerated neoplasm on the left shoulder. Multifocal myocardial fibrosis of
the left ventricle in particular was suggestive of infarctive lesions of
longer duration that may or may not have been related to the other
pathologic findings.
The proliferative lesion on the left shoulder was neoplastic; however the
superficial layers of the mass consisted of hemorrhage, necrosis and
fibrinopurulent exudate colonized by large numbers of bacteria. The deeper
portion of the tumor consisted of pleomorphic spindle to stellate cells
interspersed with abundant multinucleate cells. THe neoplasm appeared
aggressively locally invasive although there was no evidence of metastasis.
At this stage I am uncertain of the primary cell type of the neoplasm;
however I would consider differential diagnoses to be a rhabdomyosarcoma
(skeletal muscle) or a so-called extraskeletal giant cell tumor. Special
stains shall be performed and I shall have the slides reviewed by other
pathologists. An addendum shall follow if there is any additional
information. The results of heavy metal analysis of liver and kidney were
suggestive of copper deficiency and possibly mild selenium deficiency (see
Toxicology Summary).
G R O S S P A T H O L O G Y
Necropsy of a 54kg, live female Saanen goat is commenced at 1500 hours,
January 22, 2002.
The cadaver is in excellent postmortem condition and moderately fleshed. A
large, roughly triangular dark red/black, firm, dry, nodular proliferative
cutaneous mass of approximately 13 x 16cm lies on caudal aspect of the left
shoulder. Incision of the mass reveals a thick, irregular layer of firm,
white fibrous tissue disrupted by irregular tracts of hemorrhage and
superficially lined by a fissured, dark red/black dry crust. The mass is
confined to skin and subcutis.
The thoracic cavity contains approximately 500mls of cloudy, tan/orange
fluid and there are fibrous adhesions between pericardium, ventral lung and
ventral parietal pleura. The caudal lobe of th left lung is markedly
thickened, firm and mottled pink/dark purple on the pleural surface. The
incised surface of the lobe is variegated dark red/tan/cream and large
airways are plugged with yellow/tan creamy exudate. The remaining lung
lobes are pink to focally grey/purple and of rubbery consistency. The heart is
slightly flabby and diffusely red/brown.
The peritoneal cavity contains approximately 1.5 liters of cloudy tan/orange
fluid flecked with clumps and strands of pale yellow fibrin. The liver is
slightly pale and the spleen is thick and fleshy. On the cut surface of the
left kidney the cortex is irregularly streaked dark red/tan and the medulla
is dark red. The right kidney is unremarkable.
Within the digestive tract the rumen and reticulum contain semidry, green
fibrous ingesta, and the abomasum contains green/brown fluid flecked with
finely fragmented roughage. The abomasal mucosa is focally bright red.
Small intestinal contents are generally green/brown and of thin to creamy
fluid consistency, with a few short segments of dark red wall and scant
red/brown fluid contents. The cecum contains thick fluid green digesta and
the cecal mucosa is mottled red/cream. The spiral colon is turgid and the
proximal third has a dark red wall with green semifluid to moist green
contents. There is a distinct demarcation between the pale cream mucosa of
the transverse colon and the dark red mucosa of the proximal spiral colon.
Distally the wall of the spiral colon gradually changes from red to
green/brown. The rectum contains formed fecal pellets. All else is
unremarkable.
H I S T O P A T H O L O G Y
Sections of lung, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and
shoulder mass are examined with findings summarized.
Within lung sections broad expanses of parenchymal and interstitial
necrosis, fibrinonecrotic to fibrinopurulent exudation and bacterial
colonization are interspersed with viable islands of pronounced
peribronchiolar fibroplasia. In some areas the necrotic parenchyma is
bordered by islands and tracts of viable alveoli and bronchioles plugged
with variably inspissated fibrin and clustered neutrophils and macrophages.
Alveolar septa are thickened from pronounced hyperplasia of type II
epithelium and macrophages with formation of occasional multinucleate cells.
There is variable associated alveolar and intestitial fibrosis.
Interlobular septa are distended with serofibrinous to fibrinocellular
exudate and islands of fibroplasia. Throughout the sections there is acute
to subacute thrombosis of scattered major blood vessels.
Within sections of cranioventral lung there is patchy partial atelectasis
and localized intraalveolar and bronchiolar accumulation of serofibrinous
effusion, clustered plump macrophages and fewer scattered neutrophils.
There is associated patchy hyperplasia of alveolar macrophages.
Within one section of cardial ventricle the myocardium is extensively
disrupted by tracts of myofiber loss, stromal collapse and fibrosis
populated by scattered clusters of hemosiderin pigmented macrophages.
Medium to large myocardial arteries have thickened walls predominantly from
deposition of eosinophilic fibrillar material within the tunica intima.
Within the liver there are irregular bridging periacinar tracts of acute
hepatocytic degeneration/necrosis and pronounced sinusoidal neutrophilic
leukocytosis. Associated central veins are frequently thrombosed.
Within the spleen there is moderate lymphoplasmacytic hyperplasia.
Within one sectioned kidney there is widespread acute to subacute cortical
infarction.
Within the abomasum transmural edema and pronounced congestion are
accompanied by thrombosis and/or neutrophilic leukocytosis of scattered
mucosal and submucosal blood vessels. The submucosa and tunica muscularis
are infiltrated by scattered neutrophils.
Within some sections of small intestine advanced postmortem autolysis and/or
necrosis of the mucosa is accompanied by pronounced neutrophilic
infiltration of the deep mucosa and submucosa. Transmural congestion is
accompanied by multifocal thrombosis and occasional necrotizing, neutrophilic
vasculitis. The serosal surface is lined by strands of fibrinocellular
exudate and hyperplastic mesothelium and the serosal stroma is infiltrated
by scattered pleocellular leukocytes.
Within one section of large intestine there is advanced post mortem autolysis
and/or necrosis of the mucosa and intraluminal accumulation of cellular
debris and clustered neutrophils. There is pronounced transmural
congestion, multifocal thrombosis and patchy pronounced transmural
neutrophilic infiltration. Within other sections of colon transmural
congestion is accompanied by multifocal thrombosis and extensive mucosal
hemorrhage. Within the mucosa and serosa, there is frequent necrotizing,
neutrophilic vasculitis and perivasculitis. THere is patchy transmural
neutrophilic infiltration and fibrinocellular serositis.
Within sections of proliferative shoulder mass the surface consists of an
irregular expanse of hemorrhage, necrosis, fibrinopurulent exudation and
bacterial colonization. At the deep edge of the exudate loose fibrovascular
connective tissue populated by scattered atypical spindly polygonal and
multinucleate cells rapidly transforms into an underlying moderately to
densely cellular expanse of interwoven strap-like to plump spindle cells,
stellate or polygonal cells with bizarre, giant nuclei and large
multinucleate cells. Spindle cell nuclei range from cigar shaped to ovoid,
are variably sized and range from hyperchromatic to vesicular with multiple
nucleoli. There are scattered mitotic figures. The deep edge of the neoplasm
irregularly infiltrates underlying dense fibrous connective tissue and
atrophic skeletal muscle.
There are no significant findings within other examined tissues.
T O X I C O L O G Y
The liver had the listed metals in expected concentrations for goats with
the exception that the iron and copper concentration were low, and the
selenium (normal = 0.25 to 1.5 ppm) concentration was slightly below-normal.
Please note that copper deficiency may contribute to illthrift, poor
production, decreased resistance to other diseases, diarrhea, ataxia in
neonates, and at extremely low levels, death may occur. Please note that
selenium deficiency may lead to muscle damage (eg. white muscle disease),
illthrift, poor production (including reproduction), and decreased
resistance to other diseases.
The kidney had the listed metals in expected concncentrations for goats with
the exception that the zinc and copper concentrations were slightly low.
*** HEAVY METAL SCREEN (AS,CD,FE,CU,HG,MN,MO,PB,ZN)
Specimen Type KIDNEY
Metal Arsenic Cadmium Copper Iron Lead
Normal Range <1.0 ppm <4.0 ppm 3-6 ppm 30-200 ppm <1.0 ppm
SHAQULLE < 1 < 0.3 2.1 41.4 < 1
Metal Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Zinc
Normal Range 0.8-2.5 ppm <1.0 ppm <2.0 ppm 15-30 ppm
SHAQULLE 0.18 < 1 < 0.4 12.2
Specimen Type LIVER
Metal Arsenic Cadmium Copper Iron Lead
Normal Range <2.0 ppm <2.0 ppm 25-150 ppm 30-300 ppm <1.0 ppm
SHAQULLE < 1 < 0.3 11.1 24.6 < 1
Metal Manganese Mercury Molybdenum Zinc
Normal Range 2-4.4 ppm <1.0 ppm <2.0 ppm 25-120 ppm
SHAQULLE 1.24 < 1 0.6 55.7
*** SELENIUM - TISSUE/OTHER
Specimen Information Result MDL
Id Type
SHAQULLE LIVER 0.222 ppm Wet Weight 0.005 ppm
B A C T E R I O L O G Y
*** BACTERIAL AEROBIC CULTURE
Specimen Information Results
ID Type
1 LUNG Mixed flora Rare
Arcanobacterium pyogenes Lge#
2 LUNG Arcanobacterium pyogenes Lge#
SHAQULLE LIVER No growth - In 48 Hrs.
*** DIAGNOSTIC MYCOPLASMA CULTURE
Specimen Information Results
ID Type
1 LUNG No Mycoplasma isolated.
2 LUNG No Mycoplasma isolated.
*** SALMONELLA CULTURE - MAMMALIAN
Specimen Information Results
ID Type
SHAQULLE TISSUE-LIVER No Salmonella detected
SHAQULLE COLON No Salmonella detected
C L I N I C A L H I S T O R Y
Possible hematoma. Openend and cleaned, drained (by vet) in August.
Developed "prud flesh". Pallitive care only by owner: Frequent debriding (by
owner) topical treatment, systemic tx with analgesics (prn) steriods (prn)
antibiotics (prn), nutritional supplements.
C O N T A C T L O G S U M M A R Y
Report Date Reported
Preliminary 1 01/23/02-FAX
S P E C I M E N S U M M A R Y
Specimen Type Breed ID Age Sex Qty
CARCASS-LIVE SAANEN SHAQULLE 7 YEARS FEMALE 1
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